How to develop my own skills and competencies
It can be easy to overlook your own career development when you’re focusing on developing others. In this article we’ve brought together the tips we’ve learned about becoming researcher developers, suggestions for development opportunities and we signpost to a range of useful external information.
Who is this article for?
Anyone who’s role includes organising, commissioning and/or delivering career development for postdocs.
What is a postdoc?
A postdoc is someone who has a PhD, and is now working as a researcher, most typically in a university setting. They are a member of staff (not a student) employed on a fixed-term contract (some are employed on a permanent contract with insecure funding).
For more information on what a postdoc is see our blog part 1 and part 2. For more information on working with postdocs see our dedicated page.
What is a researcher developer?
We’ve found the role differs in scope, remit, title and location within each HEI we’ve spoken to. The role (broadly) entails organising career development for researchers. This can be limited to a particular subset of researchers (PGR students, postdocs, ECRs, more senior academics), or could cover all researchers from students to all academic staff.
The development can be a whole role or it may just be one part of an individual's role. Developers may design and facilitate sessions from scratch, co-create them or commission them from suppliers. Some developers may also be trained career coaches, career consultants or mentors, and this may be part of their role.
We’ve found people doing this role within a range of different departments; careers service/office, research and innovation function, organisational development, human resources or professional services, or local to a particular faculty or department.
Skills, competencies and development
You can explore all of the resources we’ve created and curated to aid researcher developers to use the resources on the Prosper portal with postdocs at their own institution. The majority of these can be found in the ‘boosting the career development of postdocs with Prosper’ section.
You may be facing postdocs, PIs, other researcher developers and other teams within your organisation.
Find out if your institution has any postdoc associations society, research staff grouping, research staff forum or research staff representatives. Look for any formal annual events for postdocs, such as a research staff conference: could you speak at any of these?
Talk to some PIs/managers of researchers about your role and their role. How could you work together effectively? Can you attend any PI or MoR meetings or events to hear directly from them? Is there an induction or leadership session you could be part of to hear from them directly? Could you set up a focus group?
Find out which other institutional teams such as your careers service, careers advisors, career coaches, organisational and academic developers you overlap with or may have common interests. Typically, this may be around skills development such as leadership. Consider organising meetings to facilitate your working together, rather than in silos.
Other colleagues which may also be worth considering connecting with at your institution are those working in human resources, research partnerships and innovation, research commercialisation and alumni relations.
In your role you may need to speak to a number of different audiences: your senior leadership team to get approval or funding; academic heads of department or managers of researchers to get buy-in or aid their own career development; and the postdoc (or other researcher) audience to deliver career development.
You may want to inform the sector/your peers about what you’ve been doing, or an innovative way you’ve approached career development. You may wish to do this through a conference talk, blog or thought piece.
The type of session or level of interaction is likely to vary, sometimes you’ll be delivering in a lecture format, other times more interactive workshop-style. Effective presentation skills are useful, seek out development opportunities to improve your practice and get feedback. Also see the Prosper resources on communication in explore and learning and development.
You may be writing staff news articles, monthly staff newsletters or social media posts. Explore what guidance and training you can access to enhance your communication skills and tailor your style for each medium and audience. This type of training is maybe offered within your institution, alternatively check LinkedIn Learning.
Many sessions require facilitation rather than presentation, bringing together speakers and interacting with audience. Consider attending a course on effective facilitation for in-person, online and hybrid session types.
Stakeholder engagement is key to your role. Becoming comfortable with networking (see the Prosper resources https://prosper.liverpool.ac.uk/learning-development-clusters/networking/ and https://prosper.liverpool.ac.uk/postdoc-resources/explore/the-power-of-networking/) will help you to form alliances and publicise what you do. It may also lead to new opportunities in your own career.
It’s also beneficial to network with your peers at other institutions. Consider attending conferences in order to meet others in similar roles. Some examples include Vitae’s annual ‘Connections: Getting to Grips’ event, Vitae’s International Researcher Development Conference and the Mentoring for Researcher Developers (M4RD) scheme (search LinkedIn for details).
It’s likely many of your sessions and workshops will be delivered online. Familiarise yourself with online meeting platforms such as Zoom and Teams (your institution may have a preference for which one you use). Make sure you and your version of the software are up to date in advance of any session.
Understand the settings (how to mute people, set up waiting rooms, how to record, how to ask questions in the chat, how to post a notice, change or obscure your background, computer audio settings and playing videos, launching in-built polls, recording attendance, organise breakout or discussion rooms).
Familiarise yourself with other digital tools including virtual whiteboards (such as Mural or Jamboard), virtual pin-boards/content organising space (such as Wakelet, Trello or Padlet), online networking spaces (such as Kumospace or Gather) and polling platforms (such as Slido, Mentimeter or PollEverywhere).
You may wish to enhance your e-learning or instructional design skills if you create your own e-learning career development modules. See if your institution offers any specific training or check out LinkedIn Learning for suitable modules.
Plan sessions and follow progress using tools such as an excel spreadsheet or Microsoft planner. If you want (and have access or resources to access) you could use dedicated project or task management software such as Smartsheet. Send out surveys/evaluation/feedback using tools such as Jisc online surveys. Manage events using tools such as Eventbrite.
See our pages on evaluation and how to run a focus group for more details.
Depending on the complexity and scope of your career development offering you may wish to gain some project management skills. See if your institution offers any suitable courses. You may lead or manage others, so you may wish to access any leadership or management course offered at your institution. For women Advance HE’s Aurora programme may be of interest. Even if you manage no other staff you might wish to explore developing your self-management or self-leadership.
Find out how to book rooms, any audio-visual equipment and refreshments at your institution. Hybrid sessions are also common these days. Find out how to run a hybrid session and which locations in your institution has the capability/technology to do this.
Make sure when you’re booking rooms (especially if they are external to your institution) that they are accessible to all. Ensure you ask attendees at registration if they’ve any special requirements and how (or who) you can talk to at your institution to accommodate reasonable adjustment requests.
Consider career coaching and incorporating a coaching approach when speaking with postdocs. Your institution may offer coaching accreditation (such as an ILM coaching level 5 or 7 qualification). Find out and apply if it’s something you’re interested in.
Use frameworks such as Vitae’s researcher development framework. Use self-assessment tools (see Prosper resources) including paid for ones (such as StrengthsProfile, Skillscan, Spotlight profile, Belbin team roles and so on) to help you identify your strengths and areas in which you may wish to grow.
Find a researcher developer mentor. Keep up to date with current news and best practice within the sector (For example, Bromley, T. and Warnock L, (2021). The practice of the development of researchers: the “state-of-the-art”. Studies in Graduate and Postdoctoral Education, 12, 283-299). Don’t forget to use your institution’s library to find relevant papers, books and literature on researcher development.
If your institution is part of a wider group of universities, can you link up with researcher developer colleagues within your group? Is your institution part of Researchers 14? Have you joined RD&tea (search LinkedIn for Dr Sophie Morris RD&Tea)?
Check out and share best practice. Practice is shared on blogs, LinkedIn, on Vitae’s concordat platform of practice and here on Prosper’s site.
Join a sector wide network such as the Research Culture Enablers Network and/or The Staff Development Forum .
Challenges you may encounter as a researcher developer
The following are challenges we’ve come across as researcher developers.
Cautious or sceptical attitude towards career development
Researchers are trained to be professionally critical. This can be tricky to manage in career development which is very personal and subjective. Researchers are often detail focussed, so we recommend using language and terms that speak to your audience. For example, if your audience is postdocs ensure that you never refer to them as students, as this is likely to make them disengage and may lead them to assume you don’t understand them as an audience and their needs.
Often they don’t see the value in “generic” skills. For example, if you held a session called ‘communication skills’ it would probably be less well attended than if you called it ‘communication skills for grant writing’ or ‘communication skills for effective networking’. We recommend emphasising the postdocs ownership of their own career development, that they can tailor a ‘generic’ offering to their own personal needs by selecting what’s relevant for them.
When we ran the two pilot cohorts we used the following analogy to explain how postdocs could pick and choose from the career development offered.
Another way to think about this is via an analogy, thinking of Prosper as a buffet, you can pick and choose the items you’d like to eat from the buffet. You can pile your plate high or just pick a couple of bites and then come back for more when you’re ready. But this is up to you, we don’t know when you’re hungry (when you have time) or how hungry (how much time you have to spend) or what foods you like (what development you need). Also, personal career development, much like needing to take on nutrition, doesn’t have an end, it’s an ongoing process.
If analogies aren’t for you, Prosper is here to assist with your career self-development: we can provide resources, but you are the one that decides which of these resources are of relevance to you and when you have time to engage or revisit them.
As we are still in the process of creating Prosper working with you this does mean that we will have resources available at different points in time. This doesn’t mean that we have any expectation that these will occur at the perfect moment for you in your personal career development journey (although in some cases it may serendipitously be the case). We’ve set out the broad sweep of the year and the quarterly focus we’ll be moving through, but just because this is the pace we are moving at doesn’t mean we expect your pace to match it: you may be moving slower or faster than we are!
Some practical challenges
- Understand academic career pathways because many researchers may only understand this career route or may want guidance on this career pathway.
- Work with Human Resources at your institution to find out who your postdocs/research staff are, where are they based, get access or create mailing list/s, and to monitor new starters and leavers/ exit interviews.
- Find out if your institution has centralised or local induction sessions for new staff and if you can be involved (or signpost your career development offer).
- Work with your marketing and communications staff at your institution to identify how you can best communicate with your audience/s.
- Find out about procurement processes at your institution. You may need to get quotes, raise purchase orders and so on for suppliers, refreshments or materials. Find out if there is a list of approved suppliers or suppliers your colleagues particularly recommend.
Collecting feedback can be tricky (or contrary to observed behaviour)
Collecting constructive feedback can be difficult. Time-pressed researchers may not have the capacity to complete a long survey (or even a short one!). Feedback can also be unactionable, off-topic or beyond the scope of your role. We suggest triaging collected feedback to identify what you can act on and pass on anything that is actionable, but not by you, to the appropriate colleague/s.
You may collect actionable feedback that turns out to be contrary to the behaviour you then observe! For example, we’ve anecdotally heard of feedback being received requesting lots of social and face to face sessions, which were then very poorly attended. This is just human behaviour and happens sometimes.
We also suggest as an alternative (or combined with surveys) holding focus groups to collect feedback. In a focus group you get the opportunity to gently steer the conversation to keep it on topic/within scope and if something is suggested that you’re unsure of how it will work in reality, you can ask for more details.
Real, perceived and sometimes self-imposed isolation
Postdocs, in particular, are prone to working in isolation. They are highly skilled experts, working in a research niche, often meaning they’ve little overlap with researchers even within their broader disciplinary umbrella. The competition for academic roles can also lead to postdocs being reluctant to be open with their peers. As the culture in HEIs commonly holds securing an academic role in higher regard than other career paths, those considering something besides academia can feel that they are alone in considering this or reluctant to share these thoughts/plans.
We’ve found that all of this can result in postdocs feeling that they are the only postdoc to be going through this and that no other postdoc peer can understand or help them. Some postdocs can feel that only postdocs in their discipline or their precise research niche could understand or help them consider their career development.
We’ve tried to address this by providing a range of opportunities for postdocs to share and communicate their career development plans with each other. We did this by having mixed discipline career coaching groups, randomly assigned buddy schemes and other social events. You may wish to consider how you can encourage the research staff you work with to see the similarities they share and the shared challenges they face, rather than focus on their differences.
Handy information about the sector
Universities (HEIs) in the UK sit within a number of groups
- Representative groups: UUK, GuildHE and Independent HE (IHE)
- Research consortia; Eastern Academic Research Consortium (ARC),GW4, Midlands Innovation, N8 research partnership, Science and Engineering South (SES), White Rose University Consortium, MedCity
- Mission groups: The Russell Group, Universities Alliance, Million+ group, The Cathedrals group of Universities
- Business incubation, spin-out and research commercialisation: Midlands Innovation Commercialisation of Research Accelerator (MICRA), Northern Accelerator, Northern Gritstone, SETsquared
- Other: Wallace Group, Chartered Association of Business Schools
HEIs are not the only place postdocs work
There are a large number of research organisations – the UK government lists many of them here.
Sector organisations
- Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) also see their handy list of related organisations.
- AdvanceHE is a member-led charity of and for the sector that works with partners across the globe to improve higher education for staff, students and society.
- Society for research into higher education (SRHE)
- The Careers Research and Advisory Centre (CRAC)
- Vitae, and the Researcher Development Framework (RDF) in particular
- National Centre for Universities and Business (NCUB)
- Career development policy group
- UK Council for Graduate Education (UKCGE) in particular the UKCGE recognised associate supervisor descriptor
- The Association of Graduate Careers Advisory Services (AGCAS)
Postdoc or research staff associations
Many HEIs have postdoc staff associations, sometimes even multiples ones within each faculty or department. Associations that span multiple HEIs also exist.
There are some associations which are at a national or international level. We’ve given some examples here, but this is in no way an exhaustive list.
UK-based
Europe-based
- Swedish Network of Postdoc Associations (SNPA) x/twitter: @SNPA_postdocs and LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/swedish-network-of-postdoc-associations/
- Karolinkska Institutet Postdoc Association
- Helmholtz postdoc associations; Helmholtz Munich and Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin
- Max Planck PostdocNet
- European Network of Postdoctoral Associations (ENPA) X/twitter: @EnpaPostdoc
USA-based
Australia-based
- Early- and Mid-Career Researcher Forum and X/twitter: @ EMCRForum
International
Sector wide initiatives, concordats and agreements
The concordat most relevant for research staff is The Concordat to Support the Career Development of Researchers including the Researcher Development Platform of Practice
Listen to Research Culture Uncovered podcast episode S1 Bonus 1 The Researcher Development Concordat - as easy as 1, 2, 3, 4....
Other concordats and agreements include: Concordat to Support Research Integrity, Concordat on Open Research Data, Technician Commitment, Concordat on Openness on Animal Research, Concordat for Engaging the Public with Research, Concordat for the Advancement of Knowledge Exchange in Higher Education, Guidance for Safeguarding in International Development Research, San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment (DORA), Leiden Manifesto on Research Metrics, Athena Swan Charter, Race Equality Charter, Concordat for environmental sustainability.
UUK have reviewed all of the concordats and agreements, you can find the published reports here.
Sector networks
- Research Culture Enablers Network (led by University of Warwick)
- The Staff Development Forum (founded in 2004 and sponsored by AdvanceHE)
- Researchers14 is a group of Universities, which represent 65% of the research staff community in the UK (founded in 2014).
Funders
There are many sources of research funding in the UK, the main source of government funding is managed via UKRI.
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)
Other useful groups/organisations/institutes
- National postdoc appreciation week NPAW (happens annually in late September) and National postdoc conference NPDC (happens once every two years)
- Research on Research institute (RoRI)
- Advance HE
- The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), of particular interest may be the skills for jobs database, filterable by country
- World Economic Forum (WEF), in particular their future of jobs reports (updated every few years).
Sector frameworks
- Vitae's Research Culture framework.
Handy reference resources
Books
HEI focused books
- A jobseeker’s diary: unlocking employment secrets (2021) - Fawzi Abou-Chahine
- So What Are You Going to Do with That? – Finding Careers Outside Academia Revised Edition (2007) – Susan Basalla and Maggie Debelius
- What Is out There for Me? The Landscape of Post-PhD Career Tracks (2019) - Natalia Bielczyk
- Leaving Academia: A Practical Guide (Skills for Scholars) (2020) - Christopher L. Caterine
- Doctoring: Building a Life With a PhD (2020) - Christopher Cornthwaite
- 53 Ways to Enhance Researcher Development (2017) – Robert Daley, Kay Guccione, Steve Hutchinson
- Success in Academic Writing (2023) – Trevor Day
- What every postdoc needs to know (2017) – Liz Elvidge, Carol Spencely, Emma Williams
- Succeeding Outside the Academy: Career Paths beyond the Humanities, Social Sciences, and STEM (2018) - by Joseph Fruscione (editor) & Kelly J. Baker (editor)
- Research Impact and the Early Career Researcher (2019) – Kieran Funby-Hulse
- Coaching and mentoring for academic development (2021) – Kay Guccione and Steve Hutchinson
- The Power of a PhD: How Anyone Can Use Their PhD to Get Hired in Industry (2022) - Dr. Isaiah Hankel (founder of Cheeky Scientist)
- Measuring and improving research impact – crafting your career in academia (2023) – Anne-Wil Harzing
- Black Hole Focus (2014) – Isiah Henkel
- The Professor Is In: The Essential Guide To Turning Your Ph.D. Into a Job (2015) – Karen Kelsky
- Going Alt-Ac: A Guide to Alternative Academic Careers (2020) – Kathryn E Linder, Kevin Kelly and Thomas J Tobin
- The PhD Career Coaching Guide: Job Search Strategies, Interview Techniques, and Life Lessons for Achieving Success (2020) – Tina Persson PhD
- The Research Impact Handbook (2nd Ed., 2018) – Mark S Reed
- ‘Making It’ as a contract researcher – a pragmatic look at precarious work (2020) – Nerida Spina
- How to Keep your Doctorate on Track (2020) – Eds: Keith Townsend, Mark N.K. Saunders, Rebecca Loudoun, and Emily A. Morrison (available to download online)
- Survive and thrive in academia (2018) – Kate Woodthorpe
Books for a general audience (not HEI specific)
- The Get Productive Grid (2016) – Magdalena Bak-Maier
- What color is your parachute (revised annually) – Richard N Bolles
- Dare to Lead (2018) – Brené Brown
- Designing your work life (2020) – Bill Burnett and Dave Evans
- Quiet (2012) – Susan Cain
- The artist’s way (1995) - Julia Cameron
- Atomic Habits (2018) – James Clear
- The seven habits of highly effective people (1989) – Stephen R Covey
- Meditation for fidgeting skeptics (2018) – Dan Harris
- How to get a job you love (2021-2022 edition) – John Lees
- Find your f*ckyeah:Stop censoring who you are and discover what you really want (2020) – Alexis Rockley
- Start with why (2011) – Simon Sinek
- Stretch (2017) – Scottt Sonenshein
- The psychological manager (2017) – Peter Storr
- The Squiggly Career (2020) – Helen Tupper and Sarah Ellis
- You Coach you (2022) - Helen Tupper and Sarah Ellis
- How to be everything (2018) – Emilie Wapnick
- The Extraordinary Leader (2019) – John Zenger and Joseph Folkman
Useful websites and blogs
- Career fables
- Letters to young scientists
- Roostervane blog
- Supervising PhDs
- The Auditorium
- The Conversation
- The Research Whisperer
- Wonkhe
- Your unicorn career
- UKRI blog
- UKRI Future Leaders Fellows Development Network blog
- UKRI Future Leaders Fellows Development Network Research Insights
Podcasts
- Beyond your Research Degree University of Exeter
- Careers in your ears Kings College London
- Developing Practice podcast University of Liverpool
- Life After PhD hosted by Dr. Brielle Stark
- Nature careers podcast - Working scientist
- PhDivas co-hosted by Liz Wayne and Christine “Xine” Yao
- Postdoc Academy Podcasts University of Cambridge
- Research Adjacent Podcast Sarah McLusky, Research Adjacent Consultant
- Research Co-Culture Podcast Industry Fellows and Postdocs Network, University of Oxford
- Research Culture Uncovered University of Leeds
- Research Lives and Cultures Sandrine Soubes, Tesselle Development
- Squiggly Careers
- Talking To Titans University College London
- The Theory of the Postdoc Evolution Queen's University Belfast
- UCL Careers Podcast
- Voices of Academia website and podcast
Archived podcasts
- Proactive Postdoc podcast, former Cambridge postdocs (aired 2021)
- Researcher Development Audio University of Cambridge (aired 2020-2021)
Skills taxonomies and frameworks
- Advance HE's UK Professional Standards Framework (UKPSF, 2011) and Professional Standards Framework for teaching and supporting learning in higher education, 2023.
- Eurodoc's transferrable skills for early-career researchers with full report here
- The European competence framework for researchers 2023 to 2024.
- NESTA's UK skills taxonomy
- OECD skills for jobs filterable by country
- Vitae's, Researcher Development Framework (RDF)
Facilitation ideas
- Liberating structures menu of 33 approaches to facilitating sessions and/or organising interactions.
Accessibility and Inclusivity tools and links
- The Braille Institute has a free to download typeface with greater legibility and readability for low vision readers, Atkinson Hyperlegible.
- Gender decoder tool to find subtle bias in job ads.
- University of Nottingham have created a set of EDI cards https://cardographer.cs.nott.ac.uk/sessions/63fc86fa6248425d4567a33a/cards https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/edi/university-initiatives/edi-cards.aspx
Several sites for name pronunciation;